Timeline of Historical Colors in Photography and Film

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Polychrome

1932
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Frederic Eugene Ives
Subtractive 3 color: dye mordanting and silver toning process, still photography
“In 1932 Frederic Eugene Ives published details of his Polychrome printing system for making three-color paper prints or transparencies from two separation negatives made through a red and a green-blue filter. The process, described by its ...

1 Image

Iriscolor

1940
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Franz Noack, Georg Muschner, Gotthardt Wolf (MWN-group)
Subtractive 3 color: Beam-splitter camera, imbibition printing
Similar to Technicolor, the Iriscolor process needed a special beam-splitter camera for exposing three black-and-white negatives on Kodak film stock. These negatives were used for imbibition printing. Between 1940 and 1942, Tobis Tonbild-Syndikat AG ...

Donisthorpe

1913
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Frank Wordsworth Donisthorpe
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England
Additive two color process: rotating filters and toning
The film is recorded through alternating red and green filters, creating two color separations. After development, the print is placed in two alternating dye-baths, toning the blacks green and the whites red. Additionally, a black-and-white copy is ...

Chromatone

1935
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Francis H. Snyder, Henry W. Rimbach, Defender Photo Supply Company
Subtractive 3 color: silver toning, still photography
“Chromatone was the first commercially viable process of color print making entirely based on silver toning. It was developed in the early 1930s by the New Yorkers Francis H. Snyder and Henry W. Rimbach, who patented the toning methods and ...

2 Images

Procédé Colombier

1908
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F. de Colombier
Subtractive 3 color: Tri-pack
“M. F. de Colombier appears to have been the first to suggest the application of this system to cinematography, and like so many French patents it is a little indefinite in phraseology. Three films were employed representing the same view and ...

Dye Imbibition Process

1875
|
Ernest Edwards

1 Image

Roncarolo

1932
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Emilio Roncarolo
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Italy
Subtractive 2, 3 or 4 color: Beam-splitter and bi-pack, later dye-transfer
The Roncarolo system required a camera capable of recording two panchromatic negatives (which became three or four in subsequent patents) through the use of a beam splitter and red and green filters. The chromatic information registered on the two or ...

Wolff-Heide

1924
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Emil Wolff-Heide
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Germany
additive three-color: Integrated filters and rotary filter
Much like many other additive processes, the Wolff-Heide system was based on three black and white color separations printed consecutively on one film strip and projected through a rotary filter attached to the projector. However, the biggest ...

Busch Farbenfilm

1926
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Emil Busch (Busch, Rathenow)
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Germany
Additive 2 color: Beam-splitter, red-green

5 Images in 1 Gallery

Polacolor Instant Photography

1963
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Edwin Land
Instant still photography
“Polacolor was commercialized in 1963 and became an immediate success. It was acclaimed as the ‘most outstanding single advance in photographic science made during this century’ (Crawley 1963). Indeed, Polacolor introduced important ...

4 Images

Sanger-Shepherd

1900
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Edward Sanger-Shepherd
Subtractive 3 color: dye imbibition process, still photography
“In 1900 Edward Sanger-Shepherd (ca. 1869−1927), a London scientific instrument maker, started to offer complete outfits for making natural color lantern slides with a dye imbibition printing method that became known as the Sanger-Shepherd ...

3 Images

Caille

1907
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Edmond-Charles-Guislain Caille
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France
Additive three-color: line screen, still photography and film
Process for still photography in which light is filtered through a screen or transparent plate covered in lines or dots in the primary colors orange, green and violet. For the positive, the process relies on a support material which includes an ...

Eastman Ektachrome 7251

1981
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, high speed, color reversal, 16mm, daylight

Eastman Color Print Film 5384 / 7384

1981
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Color High Speed Negative Film 7292

1985
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Color Print Film 5381 (1950)

1950
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack
Not to be confused with the Eastman Color Print Film 5381 / 7381 from 1970.

Eastman Color Internegative Film 5243

1952
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Color Internegative Film 5245

1953
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Color Print Film 5382 / 7382

1953
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Television Recording Film 5374 / 7374

1955
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Reversal Color Print Film Type 5269 / 7387

1956
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal
Eastman Kodak reversal film duplication stock for (semi)professional use. Replaced Type 5265. Type 7387 introduced in 1964 as improved version. Difficult to see the difference (BL).

Eastman Color Internegative Film 5270 / 7270

1956
|
Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Color Intermedeate Film 5253

1956
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Color Print Film 7383

1959
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Color Print Film 5385 / 7385

1962
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman RP Negative Film 7229

1963
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Reversal Print Film 7387

1964
|
Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, 16 mm

Eastman Color Print Film 5744

1967
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Color Print Film 7380

1967
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, 16mm

Eastman Direct MP Film 5360 / 7360

1968
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Color Reversal Intermedeate Film 5249 / 7249

1968
|
Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal

Eastman Color SP Print Film 5383 / 7383

1974
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Color SP Low Contrast (minus 25%) Print Film 5738 / 7738

1977
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Color LF Print Film 7378

1979
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, 16mm

Eastman Color LFSP Film 7379

1979
|
Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, 16mm

Eastman Color II Negative, type 5247 / 7247 F

1980
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Color II Internegative Film 5272 / 7272 S

1980
|
Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Color Negative Film 7291

1983
|
Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, Tungsten, 100 ASA

Eastman Color LC Print Film 5380 / 7380

1983
|
Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Fine Grain Release Positive Film 5302 / 7302

1988
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman EXR 100T Color Negative Film 7248

1989
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, 16mm

Eastman EXR 50D Color Negative Film 5245 / 7245

1989
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman EXR 500T Color Negative Film 5296

1989
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman EXR 100T Color Negative Film 5248

1990
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, Tungsten, 100 ASA

Eastman EXR 500T Color Negative Film 7296

1990
|
Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, 16mm

Eastman EXR Color Intermediate Film 5244 / 7244

1992
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman EXR 200T Color Negative Film 5293 / 7293

1992
|
Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Experimental Eastman Separation Film (5238)

1992
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Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman EXR Color Print Film 5386 / 7386

1993
|
Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Eastman Color LC Print Film 5385 / 7385

1993
|
Eastman Kodak Company
Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack