Toning / metallic toning (French: virage, German: Tonung)

Applied colors: Replacement of silver

In contrast to tinting, toning is not the simple immersion of a film into a dye bath but involves a chemical reaction converting the silver image. In this reaction the neutral silver image in the emulsion of the positive film is replaced by one consisting of colored metal compounds. These were usually iron ferrocyanide (Prussian Blue) for blue, copper ferrocyanide for red/brown, silver sulfide for sepia or rarely uranium ferrocyanide for reddish brown. Toning had been used in still photography before. But since film was projected on the screen it required translucent toning compounds.

1550 Images in 63 Galleries

Tinting (French: teintage, German: Virage)

Applied colors: Dyed gelatin

For tinting, the positive print is immersed into a variety of dye baths, scene by scene. To this end, the print has to be cut into the corresponding fragments and reassembled after the dyeing process. The dye homogeneously attaches over the entire image’s gelatin including the perforation area. Usually synthetic dyes were dissolved in a weak acid solution to form a chemical bond with the gelatin.

4499 Images in 113 Galleries

Chemicolor / Ufacolor in GB

Subtractive 2 color: Bi-pack, mordant toning
“Chemicoior was the name under which the German Ufacolor Process was marketed in Britain. Ufacolor was also marketed under the name Spectracolor. The process used Agfa bipack negatives loaded with the emulsion sides facing and separated by a ...

9 Images in 2 Galleries

Spectracolor (= British version of Ufacolor)

Subtractive 2 color: Bi-pack, mordant toning

Rouxcolor 4 color

Additive 4 color: 4 lenses

7 Images in 1 Gallery

Gaspar Color subtractive 2 color

Subtractive 2 color: Silver dye-bleach

Pinchart

Additive 3 color: Four lenses, red-green-blue-grey

2 Images

Dynachrome

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, small gauge, double 8

Colcin

Additive 2 color: Simultaneous 1 strip
“The first two-colour additive method in which the two components were taken and projected simultaneously was the Colcin process, in 1913. The result of a Franco-Japanese collaboration, it was demonstrated at the International Kinematographic ...

1 Image

Allfarbenfilm

Additive 3 color: Beam-splitter, substandard

Rota Farbenfilm

Subtractive 2 color: Bi-pack, mordant toning

13 Images in 2 Galleries

1 Image

91 Images in 6 Galleries

Kodak Vision Color Teleprint Film 2395

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Unidentified Processes

Various

Photographs of unidentified color film technologies. Several different principles and times. Feel free to contact us if you can help identifying them!

298 Images in 5 Galleries

DuChrome

Additive: spatial synthesis

Eastman Wash-Off Relief

Subtractive 3 color: dye imbibition process, still photography
“In October 1935 Eastman Kodak Company introduced Eastman Wash-Off Relief. For years the company had been producing matrices and blank films for Technicolor motion pictures, and Kodak engineers were familiar with the requirement of the dye ...

1 Image

DuPont Stripping Negative

Subtractive 3 color: Stripping film

2 Images

Taihang Color

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

3M Color Positive Film

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

4 Images

3M Color Positive, type 650

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

3M Color Positive, type 651

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Agfacolor Negative, type 3 (CN3)

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, universal

Agfacolor Negative, type 4 (CN4)

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, universal

Agfacolor Negative, type 5 (CN5)

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, universal

Agfachrome

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, small gauge

2 Images

Sovcolor negative film type B

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, daylight

15 Images in 3 Galleries

Sovcolor negative type G

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, Tungsten

Gevacolor Print Film T 9 86

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Gevacolor Print Film T 9 85

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Gevacolor Positive Film T 9 54

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Agfa negative XT 125

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, Tungsten, twin silver halides

Agfa negative XT 320

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, Tungsten, twin silver halides

Gevachrome

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal 16mm

10 Images in 1 Gallery

Agfa bipack films

Subtractive 2 color: Bi-pack
AGFA BIPACK FILM The front film is orthochromatic and sensitive, therefore, to green and blue. The rear film is panchromatic and records red-orange only, there being a red-orange filter on the orthochromatic emulsion. In fact, this is a bipack of the ...

11 Images in 1 Gallery

Agfacolor Screen Plate

Additive 3 color: Mosaic screen, still photography
“During the war, an important new screen plate appeared, based on patents taken out by J. H. Christensen in 1908. He proposed to make a concentrated solution of gum in alcohol. Divided into three parts, the gum solutions were dyed red, green ...

11 Images

Alfacolour / Alfacolor

Subtractive 2 color: Bi-pack, duplitized film

Moviechrome

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, 16 mm

Ansco Color negative / positive process

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, negative / positive

30 Images in 2 Galleries

Anscochrome

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, 16mm

3 Images in 1 Gallery

Ansco Colorpak / Ansco Color, type 735

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal 35 mm, 12 ASA

Anscochrome, type 5240

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, Tungsten, 100 ASA

1 Image

Anscochrome, type 5210

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, daylight, 100 ASA

Anscochrome, type 5230

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, daylight, 200 ASA

Anscochrome, type 5550

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, daylight, 500 ASA

Anscochrome, type 5311

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, daylight, 64 ASA

Ansco Color Negative, type 843

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, daylight, 16 ASA

Ansco Color Negative, type 844

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, Tungsten, 16 ASA

Ansco Color Negative, type 845

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Ansco Color Dupe Negative, type 846

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Ansco Color Print Film, type 848

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack

Ansco Color Reversal Duplicating Film, type 538

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal

Ansco Color Duplicating Film, type 132

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack
See Ansco Color, type 735.

Ansco Color Release Film, type 732

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack
See Ansco Color, type 735.

Super Anscochrome Tungsten, type 226

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, 16mm
See Anscochrome and Super Anscochrome Daylight, type 225.

Super Anscochrome Daylight, type 225

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, 16mm
See Anscochrome and Super Anscochrome Tungsten, type 226.

Ansco One-Strip Color-Separation Film, type 155

Subtractive 3 color: one-strip color separation
See Ansco Colorpak / Ansco Color, type 735, Ansco Color Release Film, type 732 and Ansco Color Duplicating Film, type 132.

Morgana Process

Additive 2 color: Alternating filters, 16 mm

1 Image

Supercinecolor / Natural Color

Subtractive 3 color: Color separation, duplitized film, third layer added

Color Cinema Corporation

Subtractive 2 color: Bi-pack, double-coated

2 Images

Colorcraft

Additive 2 color: Bi-pack, double-coated

21 Images in 1 Gallery

Colorvision

Additive 3 color: Beam-splitter

Columbiacolor

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, Eastman Color

Trucolor 2 color

Subtractive 2 color: Bi-pack, double-coated with dye couplers
“By the 1940s, most of the two-colour subtractive processes, apart from Cinecolor, were obsolete. The widespread use of the high-quality Technicolor process showed up the serious deficiencies in the simpler methods. The only significant new ...

Trucolor 3 color

Subtractive 3 color: Color separation on DuPont Release Positive Film

Magnacolor

Subtractive 2 color: Bi-pack, double-coated
“An American two-colour subtractive process still worked by the Consolidated Film Industries division of Republic Pictures Corporation. This concern was licensed by the owners of the “Prizma” patents, which it will be remembered was ...

23 Images in 2 Galleries

Dymat Process

Subtractive 3 color: Dye transfer, Super-8

DuPont Color Film Type 275

Subtractive 3 color: Color release positive stock, multilayer monopack

8 Images in 1 Gallery

Eastman Multilayer Stripping Film / Kodak Stripping Film

Subtractive 3 color: Stripping film

Eastman Color

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack
“The Eastman Colour Films are multilayer films of the type in which the layers are not separated after exposure. Films of this class are known as Multilayer, Monopack or Integral Tripack. “Multilayer” is descriptive not only of this ...

707 Images in 23 Galleries

Eastman Color Negative, type 5247

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, daylight, 16 ASA

Ektachrome Commercial Type 7255

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, 16mm reversal

1 Image

Tinted film base / Kodak Sonochrome

Applied colors: Tinted film for sound films
Kodak Sonochrome was a specially prepared tinted film for sound film that did not interfere with the spectral sensitivity of the photo-electric cell for the reading of the optical sound track. The 17 Sonochrome tints were dyed in mainly light hues ...

79 Images in 3 Galleries

Eastman Embossed Kinescope Recording Film

Additive 3 color: Lenticular screen

2 Images

Eastman Lenticular Print Film Type 5306

Additive 3 color: Lenticular screen

Ektachrome EF

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, 16mm reversal, high speed

Ektachrome ER

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, 16mm and 35mm reversal

Ektachrome MS

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, 16mm and 35mm reversal

Ektachrome R Print

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, 16mm reversal

Ektachrome Video News

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, 16mm reversal, high-speed

Eastman Color Negative, type 5248

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, Tungsten, 25 ASA

1 Image

Eastman Color Negative, type 5250

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, Tungsten, 50 ASA

1 Image

Eastman Color Negative, type 5251

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, Tungsten, 50 ASA

Eastman Color Negative, type 5254 / 7254

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, Tungsten, 100 ASA

Eastman Color II Negative, type 5247 / 7247

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, Tungsten, 100 ASA, DIR coupler

Eastman Color High Speed Negative, type 5293

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, Tungsten, 250 ASA, DIR coupler

Eastman Color Negative, ASA 125, type 5247

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, Tungsten, 125 ASA, DIR coupler

Eastman Color High Speed Negative, type 5294

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, Tungsten, 400 ASA, DIR coupler

Eastman Color High Speed Negative, type 5295 / 7295

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, daylight, 250 ASA

Eastman Color Reversal Film SO-260

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, daylight, 160 ASA

Eastman Color Reversal Film SO-260

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, Tungsten, 125 ASA

Eastman Ektachrome ER, type 5257

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, daylight, 160 ASA

1 Image

Eastman Ektachrome ER, type B, type 5258

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, Tungsten, 125 ASA

Eastman Ektachrome EF, type 5242 / 7242, type B

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, Tungsten, 125 ASA, TV film

Eastman Ektachrome EF, type 5241 / 7241

Subtractive 3 color: Chromogenic monopack, reversal, daylight, 160 ASA, TV film